O LevelPhysicsCambridgeRevision Notes2. Thermal Physics2.1 Kinetic Particle Model of MatterParticle Model

Particle Model (Cambridge O Level Physics)

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Arrangement & Motion of Particles

  • In a solid:
    • The molecules are very close together and arranged in a regular pattern
    • The molecules vibrate about fixed positions

  • In a liquid:
    • The molecules are still close together (no gaps) but are no longer arranged in a regular pattern
    • The molecules are able to slide past each other

  • In a gas:
      • The molecules are widely separated - about 10 times further apart in each direction
      • The molecules move about randomly at high speeds

    5.2.1 Solids, Liquids & Gases table

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    Dan MG

    Author: Dan MG

    Dan graduated with a First-class Masters degree in Physics at Durham University, specialising in cell membrane biophysics. After being awarded an Institute of Physics Teacher Training Scholarship, Dan taught physics in secondary schools in the North of England before moving to SME. Here, he carries on his passion for writing enjoyable physics questions and helping young people to love physics.